Virginia Licenses and Permits: Requirements & Applications

Who can qualify

For a first-time Virginia driver's license, eligibility depends on age, residency, identity/legal-presence documentation, and the state's graduated licensing rules for younger drivers. The learner-stage entry age is 15 years 6 months, the minimum holding period is 9 months, and the intermediate-stage entry age is 16 years 3 months. Adults transferring an out-of-state license can follow a different path. Confirm Virginia Department of Motor Vehicles's current rules for the exact credential and REAL ID requirements.

Documents to prepare

Prepare identity and date-of-birth evidence, Social Security or an accepted alternative, proof of Virginia residency, and lawful-presence evidence when required. REAL ID applicants must meet the state's enhanced document rules. Use Virginia Department of Motor Vehicles's current document checklist because acceptable documents vary by applicant status.

How to apply

Start with Virginia Department of Motor Vehicles. If you are a new teen driver, follow the learner-to-intermediate pathway and complete the required supervised practice before the road-test/full-license stage. For Virginia, supervised-driving requirements include 45 hours, 15 at night of supervised driving. Complete the application, submit the required documents, pass applicable vision/knowledge and road testing, pay the fee, and complete any required driver education.

Tests and training

A standard Virginia license may require vision, knowledge and road/skills testing. For teen applicants, supervised-driving requirements include 45 hours, 15 at night of supervised practice and an intermediate-stage minimum age of 16 years 3 months. Exact tests and exemptions depend on age, prior driving history, credential type and the state licensing pathway.

Initial cost

First-issue cost depends on license stage and applicant; use the official fee schedule linked above.

Renewal and validity

The license has a standard validity of 8 years. Renewal timing and method can depend on age, credential type, REAL ID status, driving record, and state eligibility rules. Renew through Virginia Department of Motor Vehicles before expiration and check the current fee and online/in-person options.

Processing notes

Processing time in Virginia depends on appointment availability, document verification, testing, and card production. First-time applicants can take longer because learner-stage, education, and road-test steps may need to be completed before the final license is issued.

Record review date: September 18, 2026. Confirm current requirements with the official agency before applying.

Who can qualify

There is no single statewide general business license; local BPOL licensing/tax may apply where adopted, along with state tax/activity requirements. The exact requirement also depends on the business activity, ownership structure, employees and operating location. Entity formation or tax registration does not by itself satisfy every required operating license or permit.

Documents to prepare

Typical records include the legal business name and structure, principal business address, owner/officer information, federal EIN when applicable, state tax-registration details, and activity-specific supporting documents. Virginia agencies or local governments may also require zoning, health, fire, contractor, professional, or other approvals.

How to apply

Start with the appropriate state and local business-registration/licensing authority for Virginia. First identify the business activity and operating location. Then complete any required entity or tax registration and obtain the state, county, city or industry-specific license or permit that applies.

Tests and training

A general business registration or business license in Virginia normally does not involve a written examination as part of ordinary business registration. However, regulated occupations and activities can require professional exams, inspections, training, certifications or background checks. Check the agency responsible for the specific activity; a general business filing does not replace an activity-specific license.

Initial cost

Fees depend on business structure, license or permit type, and jurisdiction. Check the official state and local agency before applying.

Renewal and validity

Renewal depends on the specific Virginia business license, permit, registration, tax account or local authorization. Check each issuing agency for its renewal date, fee and filing method.

Processing notes

Processing time in Virginia depends on which business registrations, licenses and permits apply. Straightforward registrations can be faster than applications requiring professional review, fingerprints, inspections, zoning approval, or local hearings. Submit complete applications to each issuing agency and allow extra time for regulated activities.

Record review date: September 18, 2026. Confirm current requirements with the official agency before applying.

Who can qualify

A Virginia CDL applicant must meet federal commercial-driver standards plus state requirements. Drivers generally must be at least 18 for qualifying intrastate operation and 21 for interstate operation. Eligibility can also depend on the CDL class, endorsements, medical qualification, driving history, residency/domicile, and federal disqualifications.

Documents to prepare

Typical Virginia CDL applications require identity/residency documents, an acceptable driving record, the CLP, and medical/self-certification documentation when applicable. Endorsements can add requirements such as hazardous-materials screening. Use Virginia Department of Motor Vehicles's current CDL document checklist for the exact applicant category.

How to apply

Start with Virginia Department of Motor Vehicles's CDL program. Obtain the commercial learner's permit (CLP), complete the required knowledge tests, complete applicable FMCSA Entry-Level Driver Training (ELDT), satisfy medical/self-certification and identity requirements, hold the CLP for at least 14 days before the CDL skills test unless a documented exception applies, and complete the skills test. Then complete Virginia's issuance and endorsement steps. Federal FMCSA requirements apply alongside the state licensing process.

Tests and training

In Virginia, CDL testing can include the knowledge tests required for the class and endorsements plus the three-part skills test: pre-trip vehicle inspection, basic control and road driving. First-time Class A or B applicants, Class B-to-A upgrades, and first-time P, S or H endorsement applicants may need ELDT before the applicable test. FMCSA requires the CLP to be held for at least 14 days before the skills test under the standard pathway.

Initial cost

CDL issuance fee: $64.

Renewal and validity

The CDL term is 8 years. The renewal fee is $64. CDL holders must also maintain any required medical/self-certification status for their operating category; medical certification can expire before the CDL itself. Renew through Virginia Department of Motor Vehicles before expiration and confirm the current medical and endorsement rules.

Processing notes

CDL processing in Virginia depends on CLP issuance, training completion, appointment availability, testing, medical/document verification, and license production. Applicants who need training or endorsements should allow additional time because the steps must be completed in sequence.

Record review date: September 18, 2026. Confirm current requirements with the official agency before applying.

Who can qualify

For RN licensure in Virginia, applicants generally need to graduate from an approved nursing program, satisfy the Virginia Board of Nursing's eligibility rules, complete required background or identity checks, and qualify for the NCLEX-RN. Virginia participates in the Nurse Licensure Compact (NLC); multistate eligibility depends on meeting compact requirements and having the required primary state of residence.

Documents to prepare

Typical Virginia RN application materials include nursing-school education records, identification, application information, NCLEX-related records, and background/fingerprint documentation when required. Endorsement applicants may need license verification through Nursys or directly from another board. Follow Virginia Board of Nursing's current checklist for internationally educated nurses or other special applicant categories.

How to apply

Apply through Virginia Board of Nursing. For initial RN licensure, complete an approved nursing education program, submit the state application and required education/background documents, register for the NCLEX-RN, obtain authorization to test when required, pass the NCLEX-RN, and complete the state's issuance steps. For an already licensed nurse, review the state's endorsement process and use Nursys verification when the destination board participates in Nursys.

Tests and training

Initial RN licensure uses the NCLEX-RN as the national licensing examination. Virginia Board of Nursing may impose additional eligibility, education, background-check, jurisprudence or documentation requirements before or after the exam. Confirm the board's current testing and authorization-to-test process.

Initial cost

Typical RN initial licensing cost: $426–$429. This can include state application/licensure charges, examination/background-check costs or other required fees depending on the pathway.

Renewal and validity

The RN license term is 2 years. The renewal cycle requires 30 RN continuing-education hours. Renewal may also involve competency, background-check, jurisprudence, practice-hour, or other board requirements depending on Virginia. Check the Board of Nursing's current renewal instructions before the expiration date.

Processing notes

Processing in Virginia depends on education verification, background checks, application completeness, NCLEX scheduling/results, and board review. Endorsement and internationally educated applications can take longer when license verification or credential evaluation is required.

Record review date: September 18, 2026. Confirm current requirements with the official agency before applying.

Who can qualify

For the standard entry-level real estate credential in Virginia, the standard entry pathway requires 60 hours of pre-licensing education. Applicants generally must meet the state's minimum age and education requirements, complete approved pre-license education, pass the required examination, submit the license application, and satisfy any fingerprint/background requirements. Virginia has a reciprocity/recognition pathway for qualifying out-of-state licensees.

Documents to prepare

Typical Virginia application materials include proof of approved pre-license education, examination results, identification, application information, fee payment, and background/fingerprint documentation where required. Out-of-state applicants may also need a certified license history or license verification. Follow the Virginia Real Estate Board checklist for the exact documents.

How to apply

Start with Virginia Real Estate Board. Complete the state's approved pre-license education (60 hours for the standard entry credential), register for the PSI examination when required, complete fingerprints/background screening if applicable, pass the required exam, and submit the license application. If the license requires broker sponsorship, complete the state-required affiliation/activation step before conducting licensed activity.

Tests and training

Virginia requires a real estate licensing examination for the standard entry pathway. The licensing examination is administered by PSI. The exam may contain national and state-law components depending on the jurisdiction. Reciprocity or endorsement applicants can have different examination requirements.

Initial cost

Typical initial licensing cost: $342. This is an estimated total for the standard entry pathway and can include education, exam, application and background-check costs; it is not a single state application fee.

Renewal and validity

The standard real-estate renewal cycle is 2 years. The renewal cycle requires about 16 hours of continuing education for the standard real-estate license, with the renewal timing described as license anniversary. Requirements can differ for first renewal, brokers and special license categories. Confirm the current education, fee and renewal instructions with Virginia Real Estate Board before the license expires.

Processing notes

Processing in Virginia depends on completion of education, exam scheduling and results, fingerprint/background checks, application completeness, and commission review. Applications involving reciprocity, disciplinary disclosures, or missing documents can require additional review time.

Record review date: September 18, 2026. Confirm current requirements with the official agency before applying.